Questions 7 & 8 psychosocial dev Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Questions 7 & 8 psychosocial dev - Essay ExampleObservations of physical development reveal that ripening is cephalocaudal (it proceeds from head to tail) and proximodistal (it proceeds from the center of the body outward) and that gross motor movements are developed before fine motor movements. Control of head and subdivision muscles is achieved before control of leg muscles. Similarly, children are able to control the muscles of their arms before they can control the fine muscles in their hands that are take for tasks such as writing and cutting with scissors. (Brewer, 2001, p13). This explains why a human first masters balancing his head and back before learning to post and walk, and why younger children move their arms clumsily when feating to paint until they master the skill of holding a brush or a pen mightily and exerting enough pressure to write some strokes.The Initiative vs. Guilt stage of Eriksons Psychosocial development usually happens during the preschool years o f ages 3-6. At this age, the basic task is to grasp competence and initiative. The child has a boundless supply of energy which permits him to learn all kinds of activities and ideas quickly and avidly. In discovering that he is capable of doing many things, he gets to attempt a lot of tasks that he may not be ready for. In the event that he fails in such tasks, he may come overwhelmed by resignation, guilt and anxiety.The preschool age is characterized by enthusiasm at proving ones competencies by initiating or volunteering for tasks. The child is out to pursue evidences that he or she is already a big boy or girl and no longer a helpless baby. However, the reality that his youth brings many limitations to his abilities that need more time and practice to be honed, usually sets in and may cause him thwarting and guilt at failing. If he is not able to deal with the frustration properly, then he may defer from taking